↑ U.S. Senate history on the power to advise and consent: "In selecting nominees, Washington turned to his closest advisers and to members of Congress, but the president resolutely insisted that he alone would be responsible for the final selection. He shared a common view that the Senate's constitutionally mandated 'advice' was to come after the nomination was made."
↑ U.S. Senate Rule 30Lưu trữ tháng 4 8, 2010 tại Wayback Machine: "On the final question to advise and consent to the ratification in the form agreed to, the concurrence of two-thirds of the Senators present shall be necessary to determine it in the affirmative."
↑ U.S. Senate Rule 31Lưu trữ tháng 4 8, 2010 tại Wayback Machine: "the final question on every nomination shall be, 'Will the Senate advise and consent to this nomination?'"
